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ـ أسماء إعلاميين وصحافيين عاملين في منطقة صيدا:
ـ
الصحافي غسان الزعتري
ـ رئيس التحرير جريدة صيدونيا نيوز
ـ نائب رئيس التحرير (وكالة الأنباء الدولية )
ـ
الإعلامية رئيفة الملاح
ـ
مديرة تحرير جريدة صيدونيا نيوز
www.sidonianews.net
صيدا ـ لبنان ـ ساحة النجمة ـ بناية البربير ـ فوق بنك مصر لبنان
طابق 4ـ
هاتف وفاكس 726007 -07
الإعلاميون:
ـ
نزيه نقوزي تلفزيون أل بي سي ـ الأنوار
(عميد الصحافيين)
ـ أحمد الغربي مستشار نقابة المحررين (جريدة البيرق ـ
الحوادث)
ـ رئيفة الملاح
جريدة عكاظ السعودية
ـ
محمد صالح جريدة السفير
ـ أحمد منتش جريدة النهار
ـ محمد الزعتري
جريدة الدايلي ستار
ـ رأفت نعيم جريدة المستقبل
ـ محمود زيات
جريدة الديار
ـ وكالة الصحافة الفرنسية
ـ عبد المولى خالد
تلفزيون لبنان
ـ إبراهيم
الخطيب
(موقع صيداويات)
ـ إسماعيل
الأسمر
(موقع صيدا البحرية)
ـ
عفيف وسمير الجردلي جريدة الشرق وتلفزيون نيوتيفي
ـ محمد
دهشة
جريدة البلد
ـ علي حشيشو
جريدة الكفاح العربي ـ تلفزيون رويترز
ـ أمين شومر
تلفزيون المنار وإذاعة النور
ـ حسن حنقير
تلفزيون أن بي أن
ـ منتصر عبد الله وكالة الأنباء الفرنسية
ـ محمد الأسد
صحافي مستقل
ـ خالد الغربي
جريدة الشرق الأوسط
ـ حسن جوني
مجلة سنوب ـ الوطن العربي ـ المشاهد ـ
كل الناس
ـ محمد قبرصلي
تلفزيون المستقبل
ـ نبيل رحيل
(إعلامي)
ـ حسان الأطرق
( مصورصحافي ـ عضو نقابة المصورين الصحافيين في لبنان)
ـ عبد الحليم
الشهابي مصور صحافي وكالة رويتر
مواقع إنترنت
ـ غسان الزعتري
ورئيفة الملاح (موقع جريدة صيدونيانيوز.نت)
ـ إبراهيم
الخطيب
(موقع صيداويات)
ـ إسماعيل
الأسمر
(موقع صيدا البحرية)
ـ
ملاحظة: هذه اللائحة
غير نهائية وهي
عرضة للتعديل والإضافة
يرجى موافاتنا في حال
عدم ورود أسم أي زميل إعلامي لإضافتة على اللائحة .
آخر
تعديل لهذه الصحفة 22/4/2009
تم
تعدي
لهذه اللائحة
في 13/4/2009
هذه
اللائحة سبق وأن أعتمدت بتاريخ 1/7/2008 |
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Sidon,
on the coast 48 kilometers south of Beirut, is one of the Famous names in
ancient history. But of all of Lebanon's cities this is the most mysterious,
for its past has been tragically scattered and plundered.
In the 19th century, treasure hunters and amateur archaeologists made off
with many of its most beautiful and important objects, some of which can now
be seen in foreign museums.
In this century too, ancient objects from Sidon (Saidoon is the
Phoenician name, Saida in Arabic), have turned up on the world's antiquities
markets.
Other traces of its history lie beneath the concrete of modern
constructions, perhaps buried forever.
The challenge for today's visitor to Sidon then is to recapture a sense of
this city's ancient glory from the intriguing elements that still survive. |
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largest city in south Lebanon, Sidon is a busy commercial center with the
pleasant, conservative atmosphere of a small town. Since Persian times this
was known as the city of gardens and even today it is surrounded by citrus
and banana plantations.
A long and glorious
history
There is evidence that Sidon was inhabited as long ago as 4000 B.C.,
and perhaps as early as Neolithic times (6000 - 4000 B.C.). The ancient city
was built on a promontory facing an island, which sheltered its fleet from
storms and served as a refuge during military incursions from the interior.
In its wealth, commercial initiative, and religious significance, Sidon is
said to have surpassed all other Phoenician city states.
Sidon's Phoenician period began in the 12th - 10th century B.C. and
reached its height during the Persian Empire (550 - 330 B.C.). The city
provided Persia, a great land power, with the ships and seamen to fight the
Egyptians and the Greek, a role that gave it a highly favored position. The
Persians maintained a royal park in Sidon and it was during this time that
the temple of Eshmoun was built.
Glass manufacture, Sidon's most important enterprise in the Phoenician
era, was conducted on a vast scale and the production of purple dye was
almost as important. The small shell of the Murex trunculus was broken in
order to extract the pigment that was so rare it became the mark of royalty. |
View of Sidon
(19th century engraving) |
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Like other Phoenician city
states, Sidon suffered from a succession of conquerors.
At the end of the Persian era in 351 B.C., unable to resist the superior
forces of Artaxerxes III, the desperate Sidonians locked their gates and
set fire to their city rather than to submit to the invader. More than
40,000 died in the conflagration.
After the disaster the city was too weak to oppose the triumphal march
of Alexander the Great in 333 B.C. It sued for peace and the Hellenistic
age of Sidon began.
Under the successors of Alexander, Sidon, |
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the
"holy city" of Phoenicia, enjoyed relative freedom and organized games and
competitions in which the greatest athletes of the region participated.
When Sidon, like the other cities of Phoenicia, fell under Roman
domination, it continued to mint its own silver coins. The Romans also built
a theater and other major monuments in the city. During the Byzantine period
when the great earthquake of 551 A.D. destroyed most of the cities of
Phoenicia, Beirut's school of Law took refuge in Sidon. The town continued
quietly for the next century, until it was conquered by the Moslems in 636.
In 1111 Sidon was besieged and stormed by the Crusader Baldwin, who was
soon to become King of Jerusalem. Under Frankish rule, the city became the
chief town of the Seigniory of Sagette and the second and the four baronies
of the Kingdom of Jerusalem.
Jerusalem surrendered to Saladin in 1187, but it was re-occupied for a
hundred years when the Crusader Templars recaptured it briefly. They
abandoned it for good in 1291, after the fall of Acre to the Mamluke forces.
In the 15th century, Sidon was one of the ports of Damascus and it
flourished once more during the 17th century when it was rebuilt by
Fakhreddine II, then ruler of Lebanon. Under his protection and
encouragement, French merchants set up profitable business enterprises in
Sidon for trade between France and Syria. By the beginning of the 19th
century, however , Sidon was relatively obscure and remained so until the
mid-20th century when it developed into an important commercial and
agricultural center.
Archaelogical Excavations
Early French excavations led by Ernest Renan in the late 19th
century uncovered the large necropolis of Magharat Abloun outside the city.
The royal necropoli at nearby Ayaa and Ain el-Helwe were found shortly
thereafter.
In 1937 Middle Bronze Age tombs were opened in several mountain villages
overlooking Sidon and at this time a number of archaeological surveys were
conducted in and around the city. |
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Sidon
Today
The entrance to Sidon from the north is on a wide divided highway
lined with palm trees. As you approach, the landmark Crusader Sea Castle
and modern port installations are immediately visible. The busy main
street is full of small shops of every kind, including patisseries,
whose oriental delicacies are stacked in little pyramids.
Sidon is famous for a variety of local sweets which you can watch
being made in the old souk or in shops on the main street. |
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The particular specialty of Sidon is known as "senioura," a delicious
crumbly cookie.
A growing city with a modern seaport, Sidon is the South's
commercial and financial center. In prewar days it was a terminal and a
refinery for Tapline, and now its huge storage tanks are used for the
import and local distribution of fuel. The commercial port, the third
largest in Lebanon, accommodates small freighters. Sidon is also the
seat of government for South Lebanon. |
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V I S I T I N G T H E S
I T E
S
The old section of modern Sidon developed at the end of the Crusader
period. Here the visitor will enjoy wandering along the sea front to the
Crusader Sea Castle, and looking around the old souks, “khans”
(caravansaries) and other medieval remnants. |
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The Sea Castle |
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1 - The
Sea Castle
Is a fortress built by the Crusaders in the early 13th century on a
small island connected to the mainland by a causeway. A climb to the top
leads to the roof where there is a good view of the port and the old
part of the city.
Today the castle consists primarily of two towers connected by a
wall. In the outer walls Roman columns were used as horizontal
reinforcements, a feature often seen in fortifications built on or near
former Roman sites. The west tower is the better preserved of the two. |
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Old prints of the fortress show it to be one of great beauty, but
little remains of the embellishments that once decorated its ramparts.
After the fall of Acre to the Mamlukes all the sea castles were
destroyed to prevent the Crusaders from re-establishing footholds on the
coast. |
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Resthouse |
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2 - A
government Resthouse on the waterfront next to the castle offers
good food and refreshment. Situated in a restored medieval building, the
Resthouse is set in a landscaped seaside terrace.
The interior has vaulted ceilings and medieval decor. There is also a
fine patio with a fountain. Open from noon until 4 PM and from 7 PM -12
PM. |
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3 - The
Souks
Between the Sea Castle and the Castle of
St. Louis stretches the old town. Not far from the Sea Castle is the
picturesque vaulted souk of Sidon, where workmen still ply their trades.
On the edge of the souk is a traditional coffee house where male
clientele meet to smoke the narguileh (water pipe) and drink Turkish
coffee. Fishermen sell their latest catch at the market near the port
not far from the souk's entrance.
The Souks
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4 - Khan
El Franj
The Khan El Franj is one of the many khans or caravansaries built by
Fakhreddine II for merchants and goods. This is a typical khan with a
large rectangular courtyard and a central fountain surrounded by covered
galleries.
The center of economic activity for the city in the 19th century, the
khan also housed the French consulate. Today it is being renovated to
serve as Sidon's cultural center. |
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saida sea castle |
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5 - The
Great Mosque
South of the souk on the way to the Castle of St. Louis, is the
Great Mosque, formerly the Church of St. John of the Hospitalers. The
four walls of this rectangular building (recently restored to their
natural beauty) date to the 13th century.
Originally a fortress-like Crusader compound with its own chapel, it is
still an imposing structure, especially viewed from the seaside. |
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The Great Mosque |
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6
- Qalaat El Muizz or The Castle of St. Louis
The Castle of St. Louis was erected on the emplacement of a Fatimid
fortress during the Crusade led by French King Louis IX, popularly known as
St. Louis.
Built in the mid-13th century, the present state of the castle makes it
easy to observe various stages of the restoration carried out in the Mamluke
era, particularly work done in the 17th century by Emir Fakhreddine II. At
the foot of the hill are a dozen or so Roman columns scattered on the
ground.
7 - Murex Hill
To the south of the citadel is a mound of debris called Murex Hill. This
artificial hill (100 meters long and 50 meters high) was formed by the
accumulation of refuse from the purple dye factories of Phoenician times.
Mosaic tiling found at the top of the mound suggests that Roman buildings
were erected there. The hill today is covered by houses and buildings as
well as a cemetery.
Broken murex shells can still be seen on the lower part of the hill, but
because of extensive construction, it is increasingly inaccessible to the
public.
8 - Old Ports
The ancient Egyptian Port, so called because it faced south towards
Egypt, is located opposite the Castle of St. Louis and Murex Hill. An active
harbor in Phoenician times, it has silted up over the centuries. Today the
north channel harbor is used only for local fishing boats because
Fakhreddine filled it in during the 17th century to deny entry to the
Turkish fleet. What remains of this harbor goes back to the Roman era. |
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The Necropoli
of Sidon.
The three main necropoli of Sidon lie beyond the ancient city limits and
were in use until the late Roman and early Christian eras. These are the
necropolis of Magharat Abloun, the royal necropolis of Ayaa below the
present village of Helalie, and the necropolis of Ain el Helwe to the
southeast. Located in what are now residential areas, no excavations are in
progress at any of these sites.
South of the city an ancient cemetery known as Dekerman was used until
this century. It is also an archaeological site, with an extensive
collection of objects, mostly sarcophagi and tombs in situ, as well as
fragments, inscriptions and sculptures.
A number of circular Chalcolithic (4000 B.C.) foundations can also be seen
here.
If you have time
The Temple of Eshmoun.
At the right of the bridge on the Awali River just before reaching
Sidon, is a spot known as "Bustan el Sheikh," site of the Temple of Eshmoun.
This important monument goes back to the Persian period (6th century B.C.)
when Sidon was at its zenith.
As the god of healing, Eshmoun was identified with Asklepios, the Greek
god of medical arts. Each Phoenician city state had its own gods, and
Eshmoun was one of the favorite of Sidon during its golden age, the 6th and
the 5th centuries B.C. Additions were made to the temple in subsequent eras
and it remained a sacred shrine and place of pilgrimage well into the first
centuries A.D.
The information is taken from
www.middleeast.com web site. This site is an excellent source of information
on the Middle East |
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